| 膽酸 Cholic Acid | |||
| HS | CAS | EINECS | MF：C24H40O5 |
| 81-25-4 | 201-337-8 | MW：408.57 | |
| 項目 Items |
標準（中國藥典 2015） Standard （CP 2015） |
公司規格 Company Specification |
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| 含量測定 (照紫外) Assay(By UV) |
≥80% | 80% - 98% | |
| 檢測 Tests |
干燥失重 Loss on drying(%) |
≤1.0% | 符合 (Conforms) |
| 粒度 Particle size |
100% through 80 mesh | 100% through 100 mesh | |
| 熾灼殘留 Residue on ignition |
≤0.3% | 符合 (Conforms) | |
| 微生物雜質(zhì) Microbial Impurities |
細菌總數 Total bacterial count |
1000 cfu/g | 符合 (Conforms) |
| 霉菌和酵母菌 Moulds and yeasts |
100 cfu/g | 符合 (Conforms) | |
| 大腸桿菌 E. coli |
不得檢出（Absent） | 符合（Conforms） | |
| 沙門(mén)氏菌 Salmonella |
不得檢出（Absent） | 符合（Conforms） | |
| 溶解性 Solubility |
微溶于水和丙酮，易溶于無(wú)水乙醇和甲醇。 Slight soluble in ** and acetone, freely soluble in anhydrous ethanol and methanol. |
符合 (Conforms) | |
| 性狀 Characteristics |
白色苦味粉末 White bitter powder |
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| 儲存 Storage |
至陰涼干燥處，避光，密閉保存，防潮 Store in a tightly closed container in a cool and dry place, and moisture proof |
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| 描述 Description |
膽酸是肝臟產(chǎn)生的主要膽汁酸，通常與甘氨酸或牛磺酸結合。促進(jìn)脂肪吸收和膽固醇排泄。膽汁酸是一種甾體酸，主要存在于哺乳動(dòng)物的膽汁中。不同膽汁酸之間的區別很小，僅取決于3、7和12位上羥基的存在或缺失。膽汁酸是一種生理清潔劑，可以促進(jìn)脂肪和甾醇在腸道和肝臟的排泄、吸收和運輸。膽汁酸也是甾體兩親分子的來(lái)源。它們調節膽汁流動(dòng)和脂質(zhì)分泌，對吸收膳食脂肪和維生素至關(guān)重要，并參與調節所有涉及膽固醇穩態(tài)的關(guān)鍵酶。膽汁酸通過(guò)肝、膽管、小腸和門(mén)靜脈循環(huán)形成腸肝循環(huán)。它們在生理pH值下以陰離子的形式存在，因此需要一個(gè)載體來(lái)通過(guò)腸肝組織的膜。膽汁酸獨特的去垢性對疏水性營(yíng)養素的消化和腸道吸收至關(guān)重要。 Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion. Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals. The distinction between different bile acids is minute, and depends only on the presence or absence of hydroxyl groups on positions 3, 7, and 12. Bile acids are physiological detergents that facilitate excretion, absorption, and transport of fats and sterols in the intestine and liver. Bile acids are also steroidal amphipathic molecules derived from the catabolism of cholesterol. They modulate bile flow and lipid secretion, are essential for the absorption of dietary fats and vitamins, and have been implicated in the regulation of all the key enzymes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Bile acids recirculate through the liver, bile ducts, small intestine, and portal vein to form an enterohepatic circuit. They exist as anions at physiological pH, and consequently require a carrier for transport across the membranes of the enterohepatic tissues. The unique detergent properties of bile acids are essential for the digestion and intestinal absorption of hydrophobic nutrients. |
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| 應用 Application |
(1)作為一種有機酸，可以乳化脂肪，改善消化功能。乳化劑 (2)可用于乳化劑中。 (3)可作為一種醫藥中間體應用于生物化學(xué)的研究。 (4)可用于非離子改性洗滌劑中提取膜蛋白。 (5)主要用作醫藥原料。 (6)膽固醇仍然是化妝品的原料，也是醫藥產(chǎn)品的良好表面活性劑。還可用作飼料添加劑。 (1) It can emulsify fat and improve its function of digestion as a kind of organic acid. (2) It can be applied in emulgator. (3) It can be applied in the research of biochemistry as a kind of medical intermediate. (4) It can be applied in non ion-modified detergent to extract membrane protein. (5) It is mainly used as medicine raw materials. (6) The cholesterol is still the raw material of cosmetics, and a good surfactant of medicine products. It can also be used for additive of animal feed. |
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| 功能 Function |
(1)可治療膽囊炎、膽汁缺乏、腸道消化不良、膽結石等。 (2)預防和治療肝病。 (3)是一種有機酸，可用于生產(chǎn)維生素D2和D3。 (1) It can treat cholecystitis, the lack of bile, intestinal indigestion and gallstones etc. (2) It can prevent and treat liver diseases. (3) It is a kind of organic acid and can be used to produce vitamin D2 and D3. |
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